HA plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and consequently the intactness of the tissue; its function is to maintain the degree of hydration, turgidity, plasticity and viscosity. Hyaluronan also acts as a cementing substance and shockproof molecule, and as an efficient lubricant. All these properties prevent tissue cell damage caused by physical stress.
In addition to the mechanical and protective activities deriving from the chemical/structural properties of the molecule, HA possesses other important biological activities such as aiding tissue repair processes due to its regenerating and anti-inflammatory properties.